†Mesopithecus pentelicus (Cercopithecidae)
Mesopithecus pentelicus ist eine Primatenart innerhalb der Familie Cercopithecidae, die ab dem Neogen (Miozän) im Tortonium lebte, das vor rund 11,6 Millionen Jahren begann und bis vor 7,2 Millionen Jahren andauerte.
Fundorte
Die Funddaten, die Systematik sowie die unten folgende Literatursammlung stammen aus der Paleobiology Database, Lizenz
Daten zu den einzelnen Funden von Mesopithecus pentelicus
| Sammlung | Kommentar zum Fundort | Epoche, Alter | Geologie, Formation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Molayan | "30 km southeast of Kabul, in the Khurdkabul Basin, 1 km northeast of the village of Molayan, at the top of a small hill which is distinct in the landscape" (Heintz et al. 1981; coordinate stated in Sen 2001) | Messinian zwischen 5.33 und 8.7 Millionen Jahren |
Khurdkabul |
| Kommentar z. Stratigraphie | Museum | ||
| "Turolian" | MNHN |
| Sammlung | Kommentar zum Fundort | Epoche, Alter | Geologie, Formation | Kommentar zur Sammlung |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kryopigi | Kryopigi (Kriopigi), Kassandra Peninsula, Chalkidiki, Macedonia, northern Greece | Messinian zwischen 5.33 und 8.7 Millionen Jahren |
Triglia | Kriopigi |
| Kommentar z. Stratigraphie | ||||
| MN12-13, middle-late Turolian |
| Sammlung | Kommentar zum Fundort | Epoche, Alter | Geologie, Formation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maramena | approx. 7 km N of Lefkon | Messinian zwischen 5.33 und 8.7 Millionen Jahren |
Lefkon |
| Kommentar z. Stratigraphie | Lithographie | Museum | |
| may be the same level as Ano Metochi 2-3 | A polymict poorly sorted conglomerate containing pebbles of schist, gneiss and granite. This coarse-grained series grades upwards into arkosic sands and finally into clays with occasional lignites. Within the top part of the formation, two "landslide" breccias occur. The lower of these consists of metamorphic rocks, the upper one of granite. | AMPG |
| Sammlung | Kommentar zum Fundort | Epoche, Alter |
|---|---|---|
| Kumanovo | "...labelled as 'Kumanidor', i.e. Kumanovo..." | Tortonian zwischen 5.33 und 11.61 Millionen Jahren |
| Kommentar z. Stratigraphie | ||
| "...Mesopithecus pentelicus...indicating a Turolian age." |
| Sammlung | Kommentar zum Fundort | Epoche, Alter | Kommentar zur Sammlung |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kalimantsi | "...from the middle Turolian of the fossiliferous area near Kalimantsi village (Blagoevgrard Region, 43.17’N, 27.44’E; UTM grid: NH 59; c. 300 m a.s.l.)" | Tortonian zwischen 5.33 und 11.61 Millionen Jahren |
KM |
| Kommentar z. Stratigraphie | |||
| "The fossiliferous area around Kalimantsi village in the Middle Struma basin covers a large region (c. 6 km2) of late Miocene deposits including more than 10 known fossil mammal localities (labelled KM sites). Recent biostratigraphic revision demonstrates that all KM sites are of Turolian age.KM-1, belonging to the newly established Gradishte lithocomplex, is likely to yield a fauna of early Turolian age, while other KM faunas (referred to the Strumyani Genetic Lithocomplex) are considered to belong to the middle Turolian (Tzankov et al. 2005; Spassov et al. 2006)" |
| Sammlung | Epoche, Alter | Geologie, Formation | Kommentar zur Sammlung |
|---|---|---|---|
| Torino Hill, Moncucco Torinese, "facies à Congeria", M3 | Messinian zwischen 5.33 und 7.25 Millionen Jahren |
facies à Congeria | MCC3 |
| Kommentar z. Stratigraphie | Lithographie | ||
| Late Messinian | deeper (maybe slope?) environment with abundant terrigenous influence |
| Sammlung | Kommentar zum Fundort | Epoche, Alter | Geologie, Formation | Kommentar zur Sammlung |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pikermi Valley-1 | In 2008 the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens started new research in Pikermi in order to locate new fossiliferous sites. Geological prospecting resulted in the discovery of the new site “Pikermi Valley-1” (PV1). Since 2008 three more fossiliferous sites have been discovered, dubbed PV2–PV4, and systematic excavations are conducted on a yearly basis. The more recent excavation was carried out in September 2013. Until present, the most comprehensively excavated sites are PV1 and PV3 that have yielded a large number of specimens, including some proboscidean remains. The new Pikermi level PV1 is situated 500 m downstream the classical sites. | Tortonian zwischen 5.33 und 11.61 Millionen Jahren |
Pikermi | PV1 |
| Museum | ||||
| AMPG |
| Sammlung | Epoche, Alter | Kommentar zur Sammlung |
|---|---|---|
| Ravin de Zouaves-5 | Messinian zwischen 5.33 und 8.7 Millionen Jahren |
RZ5 |
| Museum | ||
| MNHN |
| Sammlung | Kommentar zum Fundort | Epoche, Alter | Geologie, Formation | Kommentar zur Sammlung |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dytiko-1 | approx. 4km NW of Athiras (Athyra), near the village of Dytiko | Messinian zwischen 5.33 und 8.7 Millionen Jahren |
Dytiko | DTK |
| Lithographie | ||||
| marls, sandy marls, sands, gravels and fresh-water limestones at the top |
| Sammlung | Kommentar zum Fundort | Epoche, Alter | Geologie, Formation | Kommentar zur Sammlung |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dytiko-2 | approx. 4km NW of Athiras (Athyra), near the village of Dytiko | Messinian zwischen 5.33 und 8.7 Millionen Jahren |
Dytiko | DIT |
| Lithographie | ||||
| marls, sandy marls, sands, gravels and fresh-water limestones at the top |
| Sammlung | Kommentar zum Fundort | Epoche, Alter | Geologie, Formation | Kommentar zur Sammlung |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dytiko-3 | approx. 2km NW of Athiras (Athyra) | Messinian zwischen 5.33 und 8.7 Millionen Jahren |
Dytiko | DKO |
| Lithographie | ||||
| marls, sandy marls, sands, gravels and fresh-water limestones at the top |
| Sammlung | Epoche, Alter | Geologie, Formation | Kommentar zur Sammlung |
|---|---|---|---|
| Monticino | Messinian zwischen 5.33 und 7.25 Millionen Jahren |
Colombacci | Brisighella |
| Kommentar z. Stratigraphie | Lithographie | Kommentar z. Taxonomie | |
| Also mentioned as Turolian in an earlier paper. "The fossil remains are preserved within the sediments of the Colombacci Formation, filling paleokarst features affecting the underlying Gessoso-solfifera Formation, and sealed by marine clays of Pliocene Argille Azzurre Formation. Such a geological framework allowed quite a firm chronological attribution for the paleofauna, referred to the latest Messinian, about 5.4 million years ago." - Rook et al (2015) | "[... superficial paleo-karstic morphologies and a network of tectonic-karst cracks in the gypsum, filled with sediments of the Colombacci Formation, containing important fossil remains of continental vertebrates]" - translated from the Italian (Rook et al, 2015) | Also mentioned by Rook et al (2015): Ruminante di taglia molto piccola [ruminant of very small size], no taxonomy given. |
| Sammlung | Epoche, Alter | Kommentar zur Sammlung |
|---|---|---|
| Azmaka 6 | Messinian zwischen 5.33 und 8.7 Millionen Jahren |
AZM 6 |
| Sammlung | Epoche, Alter | Geologie, Formation | Kommentar zur Sammlung |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chomateri | Tortonian zwischen 5.33 und 11.61 Millionen Jahren |
Pikermi | Kisdari |
| Kommentar z. Stratigraphie | Lithographie | ||
| Here we reconstruct environmental conditions from the two Graecopithecus-bearing sediment successions using grain-texture analysis, end-member modelling of grain-size distributions, geochemistry of soluble salts and provenance analysis of U-Pb ages of detrital zircons. We then provide age constraints on fossils and document environmental changes on the basis of combined bio-magnetostratigraphy and cyclostratigraphy. | We subdivide Upper Miocene sediments of the Athens and the Mesogea Basins (Figs 1 and 2) into the terrestrial to alluvial Pikermi Formation (new formation) and the palustrine to lacustrine Rafina Formation (new formation). The Pikermi Formation represents an up to 30-mthick sequence of predominantly reddish silts with subordinate clastic channels of conglomerates and sandstones, which contains a rich and exclusively terrestrial vertebrate fauna. The formation rests discordantly upon the ‘lower limestone unit’[9] (palustrine to lacustrine grey marls and coals) and is concordantly overlain by the Rafina Formation (palustrine to lacustrine clay, coal, and platy limestone). Based on transport mechanisms, sediment colour, and palaeosol development, the Pikermi Formation can be subdivided into two members: the Red Conglomeratic Member (new member) characterized by debris flows and the fluvio-alluvial Chomateri Member (new member). The lower part of the Pikermi Formation (Red Conglomeratic Member) represents an alternation of red silts with a weak pedogenic overprint and debris flow deposits (Fig 3). These debris flows contain clasts of the nearby Attica unit of Mt. Pendeli, which indicates a strong topographic gradient. Silts from the lower Red Conglomeratic Member include the classical Pikermian bone accumulations. The upper Pikermi Formation (Chomateri Member) represents an alternation of reddish to yellowish silts with fluvial channels and channel-fill trains (Fig 3) that are indicative of small migrating streams during times of increased surface run-off. Away from channels, silts can contain well developed calcareous palaeosols rich in mammalian fossils. In both basins, the Pikermi Formation is concordantly overlain by palustrine clays and coals, and lacustrine marls and limestones of the Rafina Formation |
Literatur
E. Heintz, M. Brunet, B. Battail 1981, A cercopithecid primate from the late miocene of Molayan, Afghanistan, with remarks on Mesopithecus. International Journal of Primatology. 2:3, p. 273 - 284, DOI: 10.1007/BF02739335L. de Bonis, G. Bouvrain, G. D. Koufos 1988, Late Miocene mammal localities of the lower Axios valley (Macedonia, Greece) and their stratigraphic significance. Modern Geology. 13:3, p. 141 - 147, DOI: 10.1007/BF02739335
N. Schmidt-Kittler, H. de Bruijn, C. Doukas 1995, The vertebrate locality Maramena (Macedonia, Greece) at the Turolian-Ruscinian Boundary (Neogene). 1. General Introduction. Munchner Goewiss. Abh. 28:3, p. 9 - 18, DOI: 10.1007/BF02739335
H. de Bruijn, G. Sarac, L. W. van den Hoek Ostende, S. Roussiakis 1999, The status of the genus name Parapodemus SCHAUB, 1938; new data bearing on an old controversy. Elephants have a snorkel! Papers in honour of Paul Y. Sondaar - Deinsea. 7:3, p. 95 - 112, DOI: 10.1007/BF02739335
Z. Boev, N. Spassov, L. W. van den Hoek Ostende, S. Roussiakis 2009, First record of ostriches (Aves, Struthioniformes, Struthionidae) from the late Miocene of Bulgaria with taxonomic and zoogeographic discussion. Geodiversitas. 31:3, p. 493 - 507, DOI: 10.5252/g2009n3a1
N. Spassov, D. Geraads, L. Hristova, G. N. Markov, G. Merceron, T. Tzankov, K. Stoyanov, M. Bohme, A. Dimitrova 2012, A hominid tooth from Bulgaria: The last pre-human hominid of continental Europe. Journal of Human Evolution. 62:1, p. 138 - 145, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhevol.2011.10.008
S. Roussiakis, A. Athanassiou, D. Michailidis, V. Mitsopoulou, C. Solomos, G. Theodorou 2014, Remarks on new proboscidean remains from the classical Late Miocene locality of Pikermi and their associated fauna\r\n. 6th International Conference on Mammoths and their Relatives, Grevena-Siatista. Scientific Annals, School of Geology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece. :1, p. 171 - 172, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhevol.2011.10.008
G. Lazaridis, E. Tsoukala, D. Michailidis, V. Mitsopoulou, C. Solomos, G. Theodorou 2014, Hipparion phlegrae, sp. nov. (Mammalia, Perissodactyla): a new species from the Turolian locality of Kryopigi (Kassandra, Chalkidiki, Greece). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 34:1, p. 164 - 178, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhevol.2011.10.008
L. Rook, M. Delfino, M. Sami 2015, I vertebrati fossili della cava del Monticino di Brisighella: una finestra sui\r\npopolamenti continentali del Mediterraneo nel Miocene superiore. Memorie dell’Istituto Italiano di Speleologia. 28:1, p. 79 - 100, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhevol.2011.10.008
S. Colombero, D. M. Alba, C. D'Amico, M. Delfino, D. Esu, P. Giuntelli, M. Harzhauser, P. P. A. Masser, M. Mosca, T. A. Neubauer, G. Pavia, M. Pavia, A. Villa, G. Carnevale 2017, Late Messinian mollusks and vertebrates from Moncucco Torinese, north-western Italy. Paleoecological and paleoclimatological implications. Palaeontologia Electronica. 20.1.10A:1, p. 1 - 66, DOI: 10.26879/658
N. Spassov, D. Geraads, L. Hristova, G N. Markov, B Garevska, R Garevski 2018, The late Miocene mammal faunas of the Republic of Macedonia (FYROM). Palaeontographica Abteilung A. 311:1-6, p. 1 - 85, DOI: 10.1127/pala/2018/0073