Hominidae



Hominidae ist der Familienname von 131 Primaten, die ab dem frühen vor bis lebten. Viele Überreste wurden in China gefunden.

Die Familie Hominidae ist eine Primatenfamilie innerhalb der Überfamilie Hominoidea (Höhere Primaten).

Die Familie hatte bis vor geraumer nur Homo sapiens als einziges Mitglied; die großen Menschenaffen zählte man zur Familie Pongidae. Neue Forschungen haben jedoch gezeigt, dass die Beziehung zwischen Menschen und Schimpansen so eng ist, dass die Familie Hominidae neu definiert werden mußte (Groves, 2005).

Fundorte

Die bislang ältesten aufrecht gehenden Hominiden (Sahelanthropus aus dem Tschad, Orrorin aus Kenia und Ardipithecus aus Äthiopien) erscheinen im späten Miozän in Nord- und Ostafrika vor 5 bis 7 Millionen Jahren. Wahrscheinlich entwickelte sich aus Ardipithecus im Pliozän vor etwa 4 Millionen Jahren Australopithecus, der nach heutiger Kenntnis der direkte Vorfahr von Homo ist (Semaw et al., 2005; White et al., 2006).

Steckbrief
Die Welt zur Zeit von Hominidae
Landmassenverteilung im Holozän
Ernährung/Lebensraum
Basierend auf den Fossilien glaubt man, dass die Familie Hominidae Allesfresser (omnivor) waren. Ihr Leben verbrachen die Tiere vermutlich auf dem Boden, wo sie auch ihre Nahrung fanden.
* Daten nach Badgley et al., 1988
Verbreitung:
Ostasien
China
Physiologie
Gewicht: ?
Schwestertaxa


Zwei Vertreter der taxonomischen Familie Hominidae: Orang-Utan und Menschenfrau

In Ostafrika tauchen vor 2,6 Millionen Jahren die ältesten Werkzeuge und Schnittspuren auf Knochen auf, die nur etwas älter sind, als die ältesten bekannten Fossilien von Homo, Nachkomme des Australopithecus vor etwa 2,2 bis 2,4 Millionen Jahren (Semaw et al. 2003).

Systematik


Literatur

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